ISHS Acta Horticulturae 675: III WOCMAP Congress on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Volume 1: Bioprospecting and Ethnopharmacology
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF EXTRACTS OF COMBRETUM RACEMOSUM |
| Authors: | P.A. Onocha, E.O. Audu, O. Ekundayo, O.O. Dosumu |
| Keywords: | alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, crude extracts, saponins tannins, steroids |
| Abstract:
Combretum racemosum (P. Beauv.) (Combretaceae), a straggling shrub widespread across Africa is traditionally reputed to be anthelmintic and antimicrobial for genito-urinary and gastrointestinal infections. The methanol and ethyl acetate crude extracts obtained from the whole plant were evaluated invital to determine inhibition of human pathogenic micro organisms made up of five bacteria and three fungi. The extracts inhibited the eight test organisms to different degrees. All the bacteria strains were sensitive to both extracts at concentration ranging from 25 to 125 mg/ml using the agar broth cup diffusion procedure. The sensitivity of Salmonella typhii, Escherica coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram negative) to both extracts were not concentration dependent, whereas sensitivity of Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive) were concentration dependent with activity being higher at higher concentrations of ethyl acetate extract. Only the methanol extract exhibited intrinsic antifungal properties on Candida albicans, Asperigillus niger and Dermatophyte sp. with activity comparable to that of the reference drug tioconazole trosyd. Preliminary phytochemical screening of both extracts indicated the presence of alkaloids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, saponins and tannins. | |
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