ISHS Acta Horticulturae 673: IX International Symposium on Flower Bulbs
ANALYSIS OF FLOWER SCENT OF FREESIA SPECIES AND CULTIVARS |
| Authors: | S. Wongchaochant, K. Inamoto, M. Doi |
| Keywords: | cluster analysis, flower scent, Freesia spp., headspace adsorption/gas chromatography, volatile compound |
| Abstract:
The composition of volatile compounds emitted from flowers of nine Freesia species and 16 cultivars was investigated by headspace adsorption/gas chromatography (HA/GC). Yellow-flowered cultivars such as ‘Gold Flame’, ‘Rijnveld’s Golden Yellow’ and ‘Aladdin’ emitted volatile compounds abundantly, while ‘Rose Marie’, ‘Blue Heaven’ and ‘Volcano’ showed hardly any emission. A total of 16 volatile compounds were identified. Linalool, which accounted for at least one third of the total peak area, was the dominant volatile compound common to the species and cultivars other than F. caryophyllacea, F. refracta and ‘Evita’. Freesia species and cultivars were separated into three groups based on the composition of these volatile compounds. In Group I linalool was the dominant volatile compound. This group was further separated into three subgroups; In Subgroup I-i, which included three species (F. alba, F. corymbosa and F. elimensis), and six cultivars, fragrance was dominated by only linalool. In Subgroup I-ii, which included two species (F. fergusoniae and F. leichtlinii) and five cultivars, flowers had sweet fragrance comprised mainly of linalool and some other related monoterpenoids. In Subgroup I-iii, which included two cultivars, fragrance was characterized by limonene, ocimene and  -terpinolene, as well as linalool.
In Group II, fragrance was dominated by linalool, 2-phenylethyl acetate and benzyl alcohol, and this group included F. occidentalis and ‘Rose Marie’. In Group III, which included F. caryophyllacea and ‘Evita’, fragrance was dominated by terpinolene. ‘Gold Flame’, F. sparrmannii and F. refracta were outgroups having a characteristic scent.
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