ISHS Acta Horticulturae 668: I International Humulus Symposium
XANTHOGALENOL AND 4'-O-METHYLXANTHOHUMOL CONTENT IN SOME AMERICAN HUMULUS |
| Authors: | K.E. Hummer, J.M. Oliphant, A.W. Taylor, M.L. Deinzer, J.M. Smith |
| Keywords: | Humulus lupulus var. lupuloides, Humulus lupulus var. pubescens, Humulus lupulus var. neomexicanus, prenylated flavonoids, xanthogalenol, xanthohumol, chemotaxonomy, hops, biogeography. |
| Abstract:
The resins produced by either lupulin or leaf glands of more than 41 genotypes of botanical varieties of Humulus lupulus L. collected from the wild in 9 mid-western and western American states were analyzed for the presence of prenylated flavonoids. Xanthogalenol and other 4′-O-methylchalcones are fixed in H. lupulus var. lupuloides E. Small and in H. l. var. pubescens E. Small. Most of the H. l. var. neomexicanus Nelson and Cockerell collected east of the Rocky Mountains contained 4′-O-methylchalcones, while most specimens of H. l. var. neomexicanus from west of the Rocky Mountains did not. In 2 localities, the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona, and Phantom Canyon, Colorado, individuals of H. l. var. neomexicanus containing 4′-O-methylchalcones and those without, were sympatric. We have expanded the results of Stevens et al. (2000) who reported that European hops (Humulus lupulus var. lupulus L.), like most H. l. var. neomexicanus from west of the Rocky Mountains, lack 4′-O-methylchalcones, whereas Japanese hops (H. l. var. cordifolius (Miquel) Maximowicz) contain 4′-O-methylchalcones, like the majority of North American hop samples east of the Rocky Mountains. This geographic disjunction and polymorphism in the occurrence of 4′-O-methylchalcones suggests a complex evolutionary history in Humulus lupulus. Further morphological and molecular evaluations of this wild collected germplasm are in progress. | |
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