ISHS Acta Horticulturae 663: XI Eucarpia Symposium on Fruit Breeding and Genetics
EVALUATION OF TRADITIONAL HUNGARIAN APPLE CULTIVARS AS SOURCES OF RESISTANCE TO FIRE BLIGHT |
| Authors: | K. Kása, M. Hevesi, M. Tóth |
| Keywords: | Erwinia amylovora, bacterial multiplication kinetics, disease severity, Sub-Carpathia, organic farming |
| Abstract:
Following the first outbreak of fire blight caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora in Hungary we started research with the aim to screen domesticated apple genetic resources, mostly traditional old Hungarian apple cultivars, for disease resistance as part of an apple breeding program for multiple resistance. Since 1997 several fieldtrips have been made to Sub-Carpathia (Visk, Ukraine) North-east of the Hungarian border. More than 20 old local apple cultivars have been gathered in order to conserve them for posterity and after disease resistance evaluations, make them available for breeders and geneticists. The present study was conducted with eleven old Hungarian apple cultivars by screening their behaviour towards fire blight under controlled conditions. Their resistance was compared to that of susceptible (‘Jonathan M40’, ‘Idared’) and resistant (‘Liberty’, ‘Remo’) control cultivars. Different criteria, including bacterial multiplication, were used to assess the resistance/ susceptibility level of the eleven tested cultivars. Among them, cultivar ‘Beregi sóvári’ displayed a highly susceptible host response to inoculation. The local cultivars ’Cserepánya’ and ‘Zöld sóvári’ were classified as moderately susceptible. The cultivars ‘Batul’, ‘Alexander’, ‘Simonffy piros’ were moderately resistant, whereas ‘Pónyik alma’, ‘Sikulai’ and ‘Szemes alma’ were highly resistant. | |
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