ISHS Acta Horticulturae 658: I International Symposium on Rootstocks for Deciduous Fruit Tree Species
BREEDING FOR A NEW GENERATION OF PRUNUS ROOTSTOCKS: AN EXAMPLE OF MAS |
| Authors: | E. Dirlewanger, M. Kleinhentz, R. Voisin, M. Claverie, A.C. Lecouls, D. Esmenjaud, J.L. Poëssel, M. Faurobert, P. Arús, J. Gómez-Aparisi, C. Xiloyannis, M. Di Vito |
| Keywords: | Stone fruits, Meloidogyne resistance, adaptative traits, drought, chlorosis, waterlogging |
| Abstract:
Breeding of Prunus rootstocks for high root-knot nematode (RKN) resistance with good adaptation to chlorosis and drought, tolerance to waterlogging, together with graft compatibility with peach and rooting ability will be crucial if sustainable fruit production in the Mediterranean area is to be achieved. This may be possible by combining traits from almond (chlorosis and drought resistance), plum (waterlogging resistance and rooting ability), and peach (graft compatibility). Some Myrobalan (M) plum accessions are resistant to all RKN known species. This resistance is determined by a single major gene, named Ma. By contrast, peach (P) and almond (A) sources express near-complete or incomplete spectra of resistance. In a project supported by the European Community (1999-2003), breeding for a new generation of interspecific rootstocks, of the type M x P, M x A and M x (P x A), based on the aim of pyramiding Ma with other resistance genes from peach or almond, is being performed. In order to develop marker-assisted selection (MAS), location of the resistant genes is being carried out, using SSR markers from a European reference Prunus map and a BSA positional approach. Ma (linkage group 7) and another nematode resistance gene from peach (linkage group 2) segregate independently. Several SCAR or AFLP markers located less than 1 cM on each side of the Ma gene, or cosegregating with it, are available for MAS in all interspecific crosses. The evaluation of the hybrids is still in progress with special attention being given to tolerance to chlorosis, drought and waterlogging, together with graft compatibility and rooting ability. | |
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