ISHS Acta Horticulturae 658: I International Symposium on Rootstocks for Deciduous Fruit Tree Species
PERFORMANCE OF SOME CLONAL APPLE ROOTSTOCKS IN GIRONA AND LLEIDA (CATALONIA, NE-SPAIN) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FRUIT QUALITY |
| Authors: | J. Bonany, J. Carbó, M. Casals, I. Iglesias, R. Montserrat |
| Keywords: | rootstock, apple, vigour, yield, productivity, fruit size, fruit quality |
| Abstract:
High density plantings require the use of dwarfing rootstocks, especially under Southern European climate, and deep and fertile irrigated soil conditions. Under these circumstances, even M9, widely used in modern plantings, confers excessive vigour to the scion varieties. In the trials planted in 1994 at IRTA-EEA Mas Badia (Girona) and in 1995 at IRTA-EE Lleida, 10 and 14 rootstocks, respectively, have been evaluated. M9 EMLA, M9 T337 NAKB, JTE-E, JTE-F, JTE-G, JTE-H, Budagovsky-9, P-16, P-22 and M-27 grafted with ‘Golden Reinders’ cultivar, have been evaluated in Girona; as well as M9-Pajam®1, M9-Pajam®2, Mac®9 and MM106, all of them grafted with ’Smoothee Golden Delicious’ cultivar. JTE-H and MM-106 were the most vigorous and M-27, JTE-F, P-16 and JTE-G the weakest rootstocks. Regarding productivity, the greatest index was obtained on JTE-G and P-16 rootstocks; MM-106 and JTE-H, showed the lowest productivity. Fruit size was smaller on M-27, Mac®9 and JTE-F than M9 selections. P-22 and Mac®9 were the most sensitive to the presence of suckering, and JTE-G the least sensitive, even less than M-9 selections. Presence of burrknots was high on JTE-H, Mac®9 and P-22 as compared to P-16 and JTE-G. Fruit quality characteristics, especially ripeness of fruits, was directly affected by rootstocks. Weakest rootstocks such as M-27, P-22 and P-16 tend to advance ripening, as compared to the vigorous ones such as JTE-H, MM106, M9 EMLA and M9 NAKB. If this factor is not taken into account, apple quality characteristics will be penalized, especially on reducing fruit firmness. | |
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