ISHS Acta Horticulturae 646: International Symposium on Irrigation and Water Relations in Grapevine and Fruit Trees
RESPONSE OF ARGENTINIAN AND EUROPEAN CULTIVARS OF VITIS VINIFERA L. TO WATER STRESS: II. WATER RELATIONS |
| Authors: | R.M. Kaiser, J.B. Cavagnaro, M. Rios |
| Keywords: | Vitis vinifera, cultivars, water relations |
| Abstract:
More than 50 % of Argentina’s winegrapes are cultivars of Vitis vinifera derived from plants introduced by Spaniards some centuries ago which are different to present European ones. These Argentinian cultivars are outstanding in vigor, productivity and tolerance to abiotic stresses though they present low enological quality. The goal of this trial was to test the response of four Argentinian and four European cultivars to water stress. The overall hypothesis was that the Argentinian cultivars are more tolerant to water stress than European ones. The Argentinian cultivars used were: Cereza (CE), Criolla Grande (CG), Pedro Gimenez (PG) and Torrontes Riojano (TR), the European were: Malbec (ML), Cabernet Sauvignon (CS), Syrah (SY) and Chardonnay (CH). Two years old plants were cultivated in 20 liters pots filled with sandy soil. The irrigation treatments were: 1. Control, watered to pot capacity at any time available water declined to 40 per cent of total and 2. Stressed, irrigated with the same frequency but with 50 percent of the control’s volume. Argentinian cultivars maintained higher predawn and midday water potentials under stress conditions, even though no differences were found in watered treatment. Lower values of stomatal conductance were always seen for Argentinian cultivars in the watered treatment, but only at a few dates in stressed plants. This is in concordance with the water use efficiencies (WUEs) that were lower for European cultivars in watered conditions. We did not record osmotic adjustments in any variety but differences in osmotic potential at full turgor among cultivars were observed. | |
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