ISHS Acta Horticulturae 646: International Symposium on Irrigation and Water Relations in Grapevine and Fruit Trees
RESPONSE OF ARGENTINIAN AND EUROPEAN CULTIVARS OF VITIS VINIFERA L. TO WATER STRESS: I. VEGETATIVE GROWTH |
| Authors: | R.M. Kaiser, J.B. Cavagnaro, M. Rios |
| Keywords: | Vitis vinifera, water stress, growth, cultivars |
| Abstract:
More than 50 % of Argentina’s winegrapes are cultivars of Vitis vinifera derived from plants introduced by Spaniards some centuries ago which are different to present European ones. These Argentinian cultivars are outstanding in vigor, productivity and tolerance to abiotic stresses though they present low enological quality. The goal of this trial was to test the response of four Argentinian and four European cultivars to water stress. The overall hypothesis was that the Argentinian cultivars are more tolerant to water stress than European ones. The Argentinian cultivars used were: Cereza (CE), Criolla Grande (CG), Pedro Gimenez (PG) and Torrontes Riojano (TR), the European cultivars were: Malbec (ML), Cabernet Sauvignon (CS), Syrah (SY) and Chardonnay (CH). Two-year-old plants were cultivated in 20 liters pots filled with sandy soil. The irrigation treatments were: 1. Control, watered to pot capacity at any time that the available water declined to 40 % of total and 2. Stressed, irrigated with the same frequency but with 50 % of the control’s volume. Argentinian cultivars had larger total leaf area (LA) and leaf size, higher stem and leaf dry matter (DM) (only in the control) and shoot-root ratio. European cultivars had more leaves, but because the average leaf size was lower, the total LA was 3300 cm-2 for Argentinian and 2500 cm-2 for European under watered treatments and 1600 and 1250 cm-2 respectively for stressed treatment. Within the European group, the most sensitive to water stress was Chardonnay and the most tolerant was Syrah. Torrontés Riojano was the outstanding Argentinian cultivar with respect to leaf area but it had the lowest stem dry matter within the group. | |
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