ISHS Acta Horticulturae 640: XXVI International Horticultural Congress: Viticulture - Living with Limitations
EFFECT OF MALE PARENT AND APPLICATION OF BORIC ACID ON EMBRYO RESCUE IN SOME SEEDLESS GRAPEVINE (VITIS VINIFERA) CULTIVARS |
| Authors: | A. Ebadi, H. Sarikhani, Z. Zamani, M. Babalar |
| Keywords: | blackened ovule, grown ovule, collapse ovule, ovule germination, boric acid |
| Abstract:
Application of the embryo rescue technique an important method in breeding seedless grapevines. Using this technique enables breeders to choose seedless cultivars as female parents or even to cross two seedless cultivars to obtain new seedless hybrids. This technique also results in increments in the seedless progeny ratio which itself is one of the main goals in breeding table grapes. In this study, three seedless cultivars, Flame Seedless, Yaghooti and Askary, were selected as female parents, and three cultivars White Seedless, Dizmary (for Flame Seedless and Yaghooti) and Mehdikhani (for Askary) were chosen as male parents. On the first day of bloom, all opened flowers were removed and the remaining flowers in each inflorescence were emasculated. The emasculated flowers were hand-pollinated at 48 and 72 hours after emasculation with pollen from selected male parents. Berry samples were harvested at 40 days after bloom and their ovules were dissected out. Only large ovules were selected for culture in Nitsch and Nitsch medium containing 1M GA3, 10 M Indole acetic acid, 2g/L active charcoal, 2% (W/V) sucrose and 0.8% (W/V) agar. The male parent had a highly significant effect on ovule blackening and ovule germination but did not affect callus formation on the ovule, ovule growth or ovule collapse. White Seedless as a male parent increased the number of blackened ovules and reduced the number of germinated ovules even when compared with that from selfing. The effects of seeded male parents were different among female parents. Compared with selfing, using Dizmary as a male parent increased ovule germination but using Mehdikhani had no effect on ovule germination. Spraying vines with 3000ppm boric acid solution one week before flower opening had no effect on ovule germination. | |
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