ISHS Acta Horticulturae 637: XXVI International Horticultural Congress: Advances in Vegetable Breeding
INDUCTION MECHANISM OF CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY BY ARTIFICIAL CHIMERA SYNTHESIS IN BRASSICA |
| Authors: | Y. Hirata, T. Motegi, Y. Hogi, S. Kurita, J. Zhou |
| Keywords: | Brassicaceae, cytoplasmic, male sterility, mitochondria, chloroplast, synthetic chimera, protoplast fusion |
| Abstract:
We have studied graft transformation in tomato, eggplant, tobacco and soybean and gene transfer in chimeral tissues in Brassica. In Brassicaceae, we obtained cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines by artificial chimera synthesis between red cabbage and Komatsuna (B. campestris), and by intergeneric protoplast fusion between radish (Raphanus sativus) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea). Two types of different CMS lines stably maintain the radish CMS-specific orf138 and the surrounding structure in the mitochondria, although parental materials in both CMS lines are normal plants. RFLP and PCR analyses support the existence of stoichiometric shifts in mitochondrial (mt) and chloroplast (ct) genomes or genes. In order to make clear the stoichiometric shifts of cytoplasmic genomes accompanying CMS induction, RFLP patterns among mother plants and the resulting CMS lines were compared using known mt and ct gene probes. RFLPs in the two CMS lines were very similar to those in Ogura CMS radish (‘Kosena’ and ‘MS Gensuke’). PCR cycle experiment, phylogenetic survey, and sequencing data also support our postulate. | |
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