ISHS Acta Horticulturae 637: XXVI International Horticultural Congress: Advances in Vegetable Breeding
MUTATION SPECTRUM OF TOMATO INDUCED BY SEED RADIATION WITH CARBON AND HELIUM ION BEAMS |
| Authors: | M. Masuda, S.G. Agong, A. Tanaka, N. Shikazono, Y. Hase |
| Keywords: | Irradiation effects, survival rate, chlorophyll mutants, parthenocarpic fruit, short internode, broad leaf |
| Abstract:
Tomato seeds were irradiated with carbon (C) and helium (He) ion beams and thereafter, the effects of the irradiation on survival ratio, and seedling and plant characters were monitored. Biologically visible effects of the C and He irradiation were noted as a reduced radicle elongation. The radicle is a suitable organ for the detection of irradiation effects even where germination would not offer precise indication. Carbon ion beam irradiation severely affected the 50% survival rate of the seedlings at a dosage of 50 Gy compared with 250 Gy of He. In M1 seedlings, stunted growth, parthenocarpic fruit, failure of pollen production, and failure to complete the plant life cycle were observed. In the M2 seedlings, chlorophyll mutants such as albino, viridis, xantha, and short internode, self-topping and broad leaf-shape were observed. Based on the radiation-dosage experiments, less than 50 Gy C and 150-200 Gy He are likely to be optimum levels for irradiating tomato seeds, allowing for the possibility of generating tomato mutants without causing excessive injury to the embryo. | |
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