ISHS Acta Horticulturae 620: XXVI International Horticultural Congress: Asian Plants with Unique Horticultural Potential: Genetic Resources, Cultural Practices, and Utilization
THE GLOBALIZATION OF GINSENG |
| Authors: | W.G. Bailey, J.T.A. Proctor |
| Keywords: | Panax species, medicinal plants, phytomedicinals, production systems |
| Abstract:
Ginseng is the world’s most widely used medicinal plant. The ginseng family, Araliaceae (Order, Umbelliferales) includes the genus Panax, which consists of 11 recognized species, 9 of which are from Asia and 2 from eastern North America. Members of this genus have been used in the traditional medical practices of many cultures in Asia since the beginning of recorded history, whilst ginseng usage in western cultures is relatively recent. As the world embraces phytomedicines more seriously, ginseng will continue to play a significant role although numerous challenges exist. The taxonomy, nomenclature, genetics and biochemistry of the species need further international standardization. Expansion of global ginseng production in the last 20 years has changed its image from an obscure medicinal plant with substantial financial returns, to one with reduced returns to producers. To meet this challenge, enhancement of production efficiency is necessary. Substantive issues are: resolving the replant problem, and permitting the successful re-use of ginseng production land; improving knowledge of seed physiology and management, refining the seed stratification process, and increasing germination efficiencies; decreasing the use of pesticides through the development of comprehensive integrated pest management programs; increasing the quality of the natural forest and artificial growing environments for successful plant production; enhancing harvesting, storage, drying and processing technology; and adapting, developing and refining mechanization for all phases of the ginseng production system. These many issues cannot be accomplished without research expertise, concerted and ongoing research funding support, and strong agribusiness leadership. | |
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