ISHS Acta Horticulturae 603: VIII International Conference on Grape Genetics and Breeding
THE USE OF IN OVULO EMBRYO CULTURE FOR CROSS-BREEDING STUDIES OF EMPTY - SEEDED TABLE GRAPE CULTIVARS |
| Authors: | H. Celik, A. Karli Ilbay |
| Keywords: | Table grapes, empty-seededness, in ovulo embryo culture, cross-breeding. |
| Abstract:
This experiment was carried out to improve the efficiency of cross-breeding programs of two types of a Turkish empty-seeded table grape cultivar “Cavus” (Beyaz Cavus and Bozcaada Cavusu), and Cardinal, which is an introduced early ripening table grape cultivar, by use of in ovulo embryo culture. Sultani and Alphonse Lavallée were used as pollinazor varieties. Fruit-set ratios of above-mentioned cross combinations ranged from 66.7% (Beyaz Cavus x A. Lavallée) to 42.0 % (Bozcaada Cavusu x A. Lavallée). Ovules excised at 42 and 60 days after pollination (dap) were cultured on solid Nitsch, E20A and ½ MS supplied with growth regulators. Rates of the empty-seededness were found as 95.2 % in Beyaz Cavus, 92.4 % in Cardinal, and 84.3 % in Bozcaada Cavusu as the averages of pollinazors. Highest embryo germination ratios were determined from the ovules excised at 60 dap and cultured on Nitsch (33.3%) for Beyaz Cavus x A. Lavallée; on Nitsch (68.8 %) for Beyaz Cavus x Sultani; on E20A (41.6 %) for Bozcaada Cavusu x A. Lavallée ; on E20 A (55.6 %) for Bozcaada Cavusu x Sultani; excised at 42 dap and cultured on E20A (33.3 %) for Cardinal x A. Lavallée; on ½ MS (48.4 %) for Cardinal x Sultani. E20 A, ½ MS and Nitsch were found to be as the most convenient media considering embryo germination for Bozcaada Cavusu, Cardinal and Beyaz Cavus, respectively. All embryos germinated were developed in whole plant in the ovules cultured on Nitsch and ½ MS 60 dap for Beyaz Cavus x A. Lavallée; on Nitsch and ½ MS 42 dap, and on E20A 60 dap for Bozcaada Cavusu x Sultani; on Nitsch 60 dap for Cardinal x Sultani. These values were followed by on ½ MS 60 dap (75%) for Cardinal x A. Lavallée and E20A 42 dap (66.7%) for Cardinal x A. Lavallée. | |
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