OCCURRENCE AND DISCRIMINATION OF SPONTANEOUS GRAPES NATIVE TO TUNISIA BY RAPD MARKERS

Authors:	N. Zoghlami, A. Mliki, A. Ghorbel
Keywords:	grape landraces, prospecting, sexual dimorphism, RAPD, genetic diversity.
Abstract: 74 wild grapevine accessions (Vitis silvestris Gmelin) were collected from 18 localities in the North of the country, the only region sheltering grape landraces in the country. They were called either “Hormos” or “Aneb el Jali. Their presence seems to be conditioned by a humid climate and by a permanent water course. Nearly all of the accessions were found attached to the blackberry vegetation (Rubus ulmifolius). Our study concerning the sex of the inflorescences has shown that grape landraces own flowers with separate sex with a majority of males (66.86%). The morphology of leaves of the population originating from the forest of Bellif (North-west) revealed a sexual dimorphism marked by flagrant differences between leaves of different sex. The study of genetic diversity of 18 ecotypes sampled each from a locality, has been assessed by the means of 54 RAPD markers that were yielded by 11 decameric primers and previously used for the analysis of genetic diversity among the autochthonous cultivated grapevines. Thus, four groups of accessions have been pointed out, and 14 accessions were discriminated.
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