ISHS Acta Horticulturae 597: International Conference on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Part II)
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERISATION OF TARAXACUM OFFICINALE EXTRACTS PREPARED BY SUPERCRITICAL FLUID AND SOLVENT EXTRACTIONS |
| Authors: | T.S. Kristó, E. Szóke, A. Kéry, P.P. Terdy, L.K. Selmeczi, B. Simándi |
| Keywords: | dandelion,  -amyrin, -sitosterol, quantitative data, supercritical CO2 |
| Abstract:
There are many reports on biological activities of pentacyclic triterpenoids, which could be relevant to the pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory properties. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wiggers et Weber, Asteraceae) is one of the best known European medicinal plants, rich in triterpenoids, which has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and also for many infectious disorders. The aim of this work was to investigate the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of dandelion crude drugs (Taraxaci radix and T. folium) with carbon dioxide, to study the extraction of triterpenoids and phytosterols and to compare supercritical CO2 extracted products and extracts made by traditional solvent extractions (n-hexane and ethanol 96%). Solvent extractions were carried out using a Soxhlet extractor. To define the effect of temperature and pressure on the yield of supercritical fluid extraction, a 2 factorial 3 level experiment chain was performed. The content of triterpenes and phytosterols was determined, after saponification, by thin layer chromatography-densitometry. The products gained by SFE were different from the traditional ones concerning their apparence and composition; triterpenes and their esters could be extracted quantitatively by supercritical fluid extraction using CO2 as solvent; the extraction dynamic for -amyrin and -sitosterol was different; triterpenes have a higher concentration in the SFE product then in traditional ones.
By means of supercritical fluid extraction of Taraxacum crude drugs, in function of the selectivity of the solvent, temperature, pressure and accompanying constituents, qualitatively new products can be gained.
These may serve as prospective raw materials for phytopharmaceuticals.
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