ISHS Acta Horticulturae 592: V International Peach Symposium
BREEDING FOR PRUNUS ROOTSTOCKS CUMULATING RESISTANCE TO ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES AND FAVORABLE AGRONOMIC TRAITS UNDER MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENTS: A EUROPEAN PROJECT |
| Authors: | E. Dirlewanger, G. Salesses, A. Bonnet, M. Kleinhentz, P. Arùs, D. Esmenjaud, N. Bosselut, R. Voisin, J. Gomez-Aparisi, V. Bergougnoux, A.C. Lecouls, C. Xiloyannis, J.L. Poëssel, M. Faurobert, M. Di Vito |
| Keywords: | stone fruits, Meloidogyne resistance, adaptative traits, drought, chlorosis, waterlogging |
| Abstract:
This Prunus rootstock program, supported by an EU funding (1999-2003), involves three Mediterranean countries (France, Spain and Italy) and aims at characterizing interspecific hybrids between Myrobalan plum (Prunus cerasifera) and species from Amygdalus subgenus, peach (Prunus persica), almond (Prunus dulcis) or peach-almond hybrids for several traits. The specific objectives are to associate i) high level of resistance to root-knot nematode (RKN) from Myrobalan (and possibly from peach or almond) and ii) adaptation to chlorosis and drought (from almond), tolerance to waterlogging (from plum) together with graft compatibility with peach (from peach) and rooting ability (from plum). The Myrobalan plum clones P.2175 or P.2980 were chosen as parents for their high-level and wide-spectrum RKN resistance (both heterozygous for the Ma gene, carrying respectively the Ma1 and Ma3 alleles) and for their graft compatibility with peach. Among material from Amygdalus subgenus, three other sources of RKN resistance were used: the Nemared peach (Mi gene, homozygous), different Alnem almond cultivars and the GF 557 almond-peach issued from the RKN-resistant Shalil peach. The evaluation of the hybrids is in progress in the different countries for some of these traits. We also expect to identify markers closely linked to the Ma gene and markers for RKN resistance genes from other sources in order to develop marker-assisted selection. Besides, a large progeny issued from a three-way cross P.2175 x [ Garfi almond x Nemared peach] is being analyzed with microsatellite and AFLP markers in order to construct a genetic linkage map for each parent. RKN resistance genes will be located on the maps (Ma1 on the P.2175 map and Mi on the Garfi x Nemared map). This map will allow in the future the detection of QTLs controlling agronomic traits. | |
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