ISHS Acta Horticulturae 592: V International Peach Symposium
EARLY MATURING PEACH EMBRYO RESCUE AND IN VITRO SURVIVAL AT DIFFERENT FRUIT GROWTH STAGES |
| Authors: | R. Infanter, J. González |
| Keywords: | Prunus persica, breeding, in vitro culture, embryo rescue |
| Abstract:
Embryo rescue is a tissue culture technique used in various breeding programs responsible for the creation of new, early maturing genotypes. The objectives of the present research are to characterize, under central Chilean conditions, the fruit embryo growth of four peach genotypes, and to establish the most appropriate state of embryo development for their successful rescue in vitro. Fifteen fruits of ‘Copiapo’ (local selection), ‘May Glo’, ‘Early Majestic’ and ‘Venus’ were harvested weekly, for measuring fruit fresh and dry weight, fruit diameter, and seed and embryo length. Furthermore fruit were harvested at six development stages and embryos were recovered and transferred to Woody Plant Medium (Lloyd and McCown, 1981) with 3% sucrose and pH 5.6. After stratification and transfer to a growth chamber at 24 ± 2°C for 30 days, the germinated embryos were moved to a glasshouse. For all early maturing cultivars, a short phase II for fruit diameter evolution was common. In contrast, ‘Venus’ the only late maturing cultivar, showed an evident phase II. Embryo survival was higher when harvested from the most advanced mature fruits, even when they were overripe. The maximum percentage of normal germination and plant recovery (88%) was reached with ‘Copiapo’, when embryos were picked 25 days after commercial harvest. | |
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