ISHS Acta Horticulturae 591: III International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds
TISSUE CULTURE RESULTS OF ALL WILD PISTACHIO SPECIES AND SOME CULTIVARS IN IRAN |
| Author: | B.SH. Behboodi |
| Keywords: | Tissue culture, pistachio, wild species, cultivars, Pistacia vera, P. atlantica, P. khinjuk |
| Abstract:
Pistachio wild forests are distributed throughout most parts of Iran. Our country is the first producer and exporter of pistachio nuts in the world. It is estimated that there are more than 55 million pistachio trees in Iran. The pistachio is dioecious and for this reason it has acquired large genetic diversity. Pistachio plants cannot be readily propagated from cuttings taken from mature trees and are currently propagated by grafting. Therefore, pistachio tissue culture, which produces calluses and shoots and finally suitable plants, is proposed as a new and advanced method. This research has been conducted on: Pistacia khinjuk, P. atlantica subsp. mutica, kurdica and cabulica, and P. vera from Sarakhs and cultivars 'Akbary', 'Kalleghochi' and 'Fandoghi'. MS medium and different concentrations of auxins: IBA, NAA, 2,4-D, and cytokinins: BAP, Kin were used. Explants were selected directly form apical and nodal buds of mature plants and also from cotyledons, shoots and apical buds of seedlings. The resulting calluses and shoots were studied comparatively. The best results of callogenesis were obtained using NAA and BAP. BAP and IBA resulted in maximum growth and shoot formation. Among the wild and cultivated pistachio studied in our experiments, P. vera from Sarakhs showed maximum stem and apical growth. | |
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