ISHS Acta Horticulturae 589: X International Asparagus Symposium
ASPARAGUS ANTHER CULTURE. INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE AND GROWTH ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS OF THE DONOR PLANTS ON THE ANDROGENETIC RESPONSE |
| Author: | M.L. González Castañón |
| Abstract:
Asparagus flower buds, from different cultivars, were collected on different dates and environmental conditions. Anthers, containing microspores from early uninucleate to early-binucleate stages, were successfully cultured on MS solid medium with growth regulators supplements and placed at 32ºC in darkness. Callus induction percentage was recorded 4 weeks later. Callus response of anthers collected from plants growing in the field under spring conditions was higher than from plants growing under summer conditions, being 12.7 % from the anthers taken in spring. Percentages by cultivars were 17.9 for Largo Grueso, 14.8 for Sartaguda, 12.5 for Blanco de Navarra, 12.5 for Minerva and 10.0 for California 500. For the plants grown in the greenhouse at low temperature and short days mean callus induction percentage was 8.3. Genotype differences were observed in callus formation. The ability to induce callus varied from plant to plant within the same cultivar, and between the buds sampled from an individual plant at the same time. Organogenesis was induced when callus were subcultured on MS medium with 0.5 mg N 6 benzylaminopurine (BA) and 1 mg NAA /liter. The highest frequency, 45.2% was obtained with 16 h lighting at 25ºC. Only 10.5 % of callus developed shoots at 30ºC in darkness. Asparagus anther culture has been applied in a long-term breeding program to achieve green asparagus hybrids. Abbreviations NAA a-naphthaleneacetic acid. MS Murashige and Skoog | |
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