ISHS Acta Horticulturae 577: VII International Symposium on Plum and Prune Genetics, Breeding and Pomology
IN VITRO TEST SYSTEM FOR HERBICIDE PHYTOTOXICITY ON MATURE EMBRYOS OF FRUIT SPECIES |
| Authors: | P. Gercheva, Z. Rankova, K. Ivanova |
| Keywords: | in vitro, soil herbicide, Prunus cerasitera L. |
| Abstract:
The objective of the present study was to develop, on the basis of in vitro methods and embryo cultures, in particular, an effective test-system (a screening method) for studying the effect of soil herbicides on seed development in fruit species. Embryos isolated from dry ‘Zhalta Dzhanka’ (P. cerasifera L.) seeds and cultivated on MS basal medium (Murashige & Scoog, 1962) were used. The same were stratified under in vitro conditions for 45 days. The effect of the herbicide pendimethalin (Stomp 33 EC) was tested at doses of 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 l/ha. A pendimethalin solution (the doses were recalculated according to the area of the culture vessel) was applied as a film coating on the medium surface. Phytotoxicity (inhibition of root meristem growth and browning of cotyledons) was established in the treatment of embryos with embryonic roots < 5 mm in length. The embryos whose embryonic roots at the moment of herbicide application were longer than 5 mm did not show any symptoms of phytotoxicity. The results obtained correspond to our previous data from field and laboratory investigations conducted under in vivo conditions. This suggests that embryo cultures could be used as a fast and repeatable test-system for herbicide phytotoxicity. | |
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