ISHS Acta Horticulturae 577: VII International Symposium on Plum and Prune Genetics, Breeding and Pomology
GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF PLUM IN FLORENCE |
| Authors: | E. Bellini, V. Nencetti, S. Nin |
| Keywords: | Fruit trees, Prunus salicina, Prunus domestica, breeding program, seedlings, selections, cultivars |
| Abstract:
Programs for genetic improvement of the plum in Florence concern both the European and the Japanese group. The European plum breeding program, being carried out since 1970, was aimed at achieving new cultivars for fresh consumption with fruit of good quality, large size and early ripening. Of the 19 selections studied, “DOFI-70S.483”, named “Firenze ‘90” in 1990, appeared interesting for its high productivity and fruit quality. The Japanese plum program was set up in 1989 with the aim of obtaining early ripening cultivars characterised by high and constant yields and fruit with good organoleptic characteristics. There are currently over 40 selections under observation in different environments in Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany. The study and evaluation of the progeny obtained has led to the identification of the best combinations of parents, which have then been repeated using innovative cross techniques to achieve a large number of seeds at limited cost. Moreover, the hereditary behaviour of some phenotypic characters, such as flowering and the ripening time and several fruit traits, has been studied. Some techniques for tissue regeneration were defined, both in the juvenile (cotyledons) and differentiated (leaves, petioles) phase of several cultivars. In order to identify the various species of Prunus in the plum family to which the most common cultivars belong, RAPD and RFLP markers were used on 31 accessions of Prunus spp. | |
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