ISHS Acta Horticulturae 560: IV International Symposium on In Vitro Culture and Horticultural Breeding
VARIATION IN PROPORTIONS OF GLYCOALKALOID AGLYCONES IN SOMATIC HYBRIDES BETWEEN TO POTATO SPECIES (Solanum tuberosum and brevidenS) POSSESSING DIFFERENT GENOME CONSTITUTIONS |
| Authors: | J. Laurila, J. Larkka, A. Tauriainen, V.M. Rokka, L. Laakso, E. Pehu, T. Gavrilenko |
| Keywords: | gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GISH, 'second generation' somatic hybrid, Solanum brevidens, Solanum tuberosum |
| Abstract:
Interspecific somatic hybrids can be used to transfer agronomically important traits from Solanum brevidens (wild potato) to S. tuberosum (cultivated potato). However, it is not known what effects there may be in increasing the levels of glycoalkaloids, potentially harmful compounds to humans. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of genome constitution on glycoalkaloid aglycone content in somatic hybrids and their derivatives between S. tuberosum (A-genome) and S. brevidens (E-genome). The various genome constitutions of the hybrids were determined using GISH (genomic in situ hybridisation); while the glycoalkaloid aglycones were analysed from leaf samples using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The S. tuberosum parent expressed only solanidine aglycone and the S. brevidens parent only tomatidine aglycone. However, in all the somatic hybrids and their somatohaploids, a higher proportion of tomatidine aglycone (>50%) than of solanidine and also a novel type of aglycone (demissidine) was observed. In the hexaploid hybrid (AAEEEE-genome) and its triploids (AEE), a higher proportion of demissidine (38%) than in the tetraploid hybrid (AAEE) and its diploids (AE) (28%) was measured, possibly due to the higher dose of E-genome. Alteration in the genome constitutions by adding two S. tuberosum genomes (AA) to produce īsecond generation` somatic hybrids (AAAEE) considerably effected the glycoalkaloid aglycone proportions. The relative proportion of solanidine significantly increased from 9% in the primary somatic hybrids and their somatohaploids, to a proportion of more than 20% in the īsecond generation` somatic hybrids. The increased synthesis of solanidine was thought to be derived from a higher dose of A-genome. | |
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