ISHS Acta Horticulturae 560: IV International Symposium on In Vitro Culture and Horticultural Breeding
PROSPECTS OF IN VITRO METHODS IN THE BREEDING OF ROSA RUGOSA IN LATVIA |
| Author: | G. Jakobsone |
| Keywords: | embryo explant culture, incompatible crosses |
| Abstract:
It became obvious during previous work in Latvia on breeding of Rosa rugosa Thunb., begun in 1965 that new possibilities using classical breeding methods have been almost exhausted. Therefore, in vitro methods were taken up in the National Botanical Garden already in 1997 with the aim to increase the diversity of genotypes for selection. These methods can be used in cases when distant crossings result in fertile seeds. To obtain progeny from such crossings, our objectives were: 1) to determine up to which stage of development the embryo is alive and capable of further development; 2) to determine the main factors of in vitro cultivation which ensure further development of embryos until the formation of seeds; 3) to obtain normal microshoots from the embryos. The results showed that embryos isolated later than 7 days after explantation perished in vitro. Although embryos that were isolated 8-10, or in some cases even 20 days after crossing, outwardly appeared normal, they did not survive due to some irreversible biochemical processes. Our experiments showed that embryos isolated on the 7th day after crossing would provide the best results. The following conditions were found to be important for the survival and development in vitro of these week-old embryos: dark, 23oC, the presence of abscisic acid in the medium, modifications in the mixing formula of the medium with every transplantation. | |
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