ISHS Acta Horticulturae 558: I International Symposium on Litchi and Longan
CHINA LITCHI INDUSTRY: DEVELOPMENT, ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROBLEMS |
| Authors: | H.B. Chen, H.B. Huang |
| Keywords: | Litchi chinensis Sonn., production, development, achievement, problems |
| Abstract:
China is the largest litchi producer, with a total acreage over 530,000 ha and an estimated yearly output of over 950,000 tons (exclusive of Taiwan) in 1999. The major producing regions are Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian Provinces. Most of the fruits are consumed fresh and about 30% of fruits are used for making dried products. The dominant early cultivars are ‘Baila’, ‘Baitangying’ and ‘Sanyuehong’, mid-season and late cultivars are ‘Heiye’, ‘Feizixiao’, ‘Nuomici’, ‘Guiwei’ and ‘Huaizhi’ in Guangdong. Litchi cultivars are grown corresponding to their specific ecological and economical features and differentially for fresh use, dried or canned products. “green food” production is receiving more attention. Integrated management against pests and diseases is becoming accepted by growers to reduce residues of pesticides and fungicides. Exploitation of foreign markets is being stepped up. To combat irregular bearing, the essential practices are focused on the regulation of tree's vegetative and reproductive growth by physical and chemical means. Progress in studying flower differentiation has been made; yet, many unsolved problems still exist. Spiral and closed girdling, are practiced to promote flower development and fruit set. Growth regulators are extensively applied to discourage winter flushing in favor of flower initiation, to prevent excessive fruit drop and lessen fruit cracking. | |
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