ISHS Acta Horticulturae 556: V International Congress on Hazelnut
FLOWERING OF HAZELNUT CULTIVARS IN OLTENIA, ROMANIA |
| Authors: | E. Turcu, I. Turcu, M. Botu |
| Keywords: | Corylus avellana, filbert, floral induction, pollen shed, stigma exsertion |
| Abstract:
Climatic conditions have an important effect on the flowering of hazelnut cultivars. The climatic conditions of the Oltenia region of Romania include an average annual temperature of 10.2 °C, an absolute minimum temperature of –16 °C, annual rainfall of 700-750 mm and 75-80% relative humidity. Floral induction begins for male inflorescences in the middle of May and for female inflorescences at the end of June. The flowering season extends over a long period from January-March, and sometimes begins in December. We studied flowering time of 14 hazelnut cultivars for 14 years. On average, stigma exsertion occurred between January 3 (for 'Tonda Gentile delle Langhe') and March 30 (for 'Romavel') and pollen shed took place between January 2 ('Cozia' and 'Tonda Romana') and March 30 ('Du Chilly' and 'Romavel'). Variations in temperature from January-March prolong the female flowering period of a cultivar, which facilitates nut set over the years. In the Oltenia region, most hazelnut cultivars exhibit protogynous behavior. A change in the type of dichogamy was observed for 'Hall's Giant', 'Romavel' and 'Du Chilly'. | |
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