ISHS Acta Horticulturae 556: V International Congress on Hazelnut
HAZELNUT PRODUCTIVITY IN NORTHERN PORTUGAL |
| Authors: | A. Santos, A.P. Silva |
| Keywords: | Corylus avellana, filbert, production, cultivar trial |
| Abstract:
Since 1980, several commercial hazelnut cultivars have been evaluated for growth and nut production near the Porto Wine region growing area, to assess the proposed objective of obtaining more information about local and imported cultivars. In the cultivar trial, yield in the 3rd leaf averaged 0.8 kg of nuts per tree, but yield only became significant in the 5th year where trees produced about 1,500 kg/ha. At the beginning of the adult phase (8th leaf), overall yields for each cultivar were between 1,550 and 6,250 kg/ha for the pollinizer ‘Daviana’ and for ‘Butler’, respectively. Cumulative yields per tree, up to the 16th leaf, were 19 kg and 109 kg of nuts per tree. Among the eating quality cultivars, we identified the most and the least productive genotypes. All processing cultivars produced high yields. ‘Ennis’ and ‘Butler’ are among the most precocious and productive, but ‘Ennis’ bore more heterogeneous nuts. Tree growth has also been substantially different. The smaller trees are ‘Daviana’ and ‘Longue d'Espagne’. Therefore, they are suitable for cultivation at 6m x 4m under local conditions. The most vigorous cultivars are ‘Segorbe’ and ‘Fertile de Coutard’ and these trees will require spacing around 7m x 5m or 8m x 6m. Suckering is more intense in ‘Ronde du Piemonte’, ‘Morell’ and ‘Fertile de Coutard’. Caliper measurements and uniformity of the nuts and kernels depended on the season and varied between 20 and 80% from year to year. Nut size gets smaller as tree bearing increases, and the size reduction was most intense in the cultivar ‘Longue d'Espagne’. | |
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