ISHS Acta Horticulturae 556: V International Congress on Hazelnut
COMMERCIAL HAZELNUT CULTIVAR AND ADVANCED SELECTION EVALUATIONS AT OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY |
| Authors: | R.L. McCluskey, A.N. Azarenko, S.A. Mehlenbacher, D.C. Smith |
| Keywords: | Corylus avellana, filbert, yield efficiency |
| Abstract:
New hazelnut trials have been established at Corvallis, Oregon every one – three years since 1990 to evaluate advanced selections from the OSU breeding program. These trials are also useful in evaluating the performance of cultivars under local growing conditions. Results of the 1990, 1991, and 1992 hazelnut plantings and research trials discussed in this paper include: The 1990 trial contained nine named cultivars: ‘Barcelona’, ‘Casina’, ‘Ennis’, ‘Hall’s Giant’, ‘Negret’, ‘Tonda Gentile delle Langhe’ (TGDL), ‘Tonda di Giffoni’, ‘Tonda Romana’, and ‘Willamette’. Yield, and nut and kernel quality were evaluated from 1992 – 1997. Cumulative nut yields ranged from 30.3 kg for ‘Willamette’ to a low of 8.0 kg for ‘TGDL’. Nuts of ‘Casina’, ‘Negret’, and ‘Willamette’ had the highest kernel fill, while the ‘Barcelona’ and ‘Hall’s Giant’ nuts had poorest fill. The kernel percentage ranged from 50-57% for ‘Casina’ to 38-44% for ‘Hall’s Giant’. The highest percentage of good nuts was in ‘TGDL’ and ‘Hall’s Giant’, and the lowest in ‘Tonda di Giffoni’. The 1997 crop was large and high percentages of poor fill and shrivel were observed in all cultivars except ‘TGDL’, ‘Tonda Romana’, and ‘Tonda di Giffoni’. The 1991 and 1992 trials contained seven and ten OSU selections, respectively, with ‘Barcelona’, ‘Casina’, and ‘Willamette’ included as the commercial standards. OSU 243.002, planted in the 1991 trial, was released as ‘Lewis’ in January 1997. Nuts of ‘Lewis’ are free husking and mature 5-7 days prior to ‘Barcelona’, and the tree is more productive and 25% smaller than ‘Barcelona’. ‘Lewis’ has moderate quantitative resistance to eastern filbert blight (EFB). OSU 276.142, planted in the 1992 trial, was released as ‘Clark’ in 1999. When compared to ‘Barcelona’, trees of ‘Clark’ are 30% smaller, nuts fall 7-10 days earlier, and quantitative resistance to EFB is moderate. The remaining OSU selections in the 1991 and 1992 trial were discarded due to undesirable production traits or susceptibility to EFB. | |
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