ISHS Acta Horticulturae 546: International Symposium on Molecular Markers for Characterizing Genotypes and Identifying Cultivars in Horticulture
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF S-GENOTYPES OF ALMOND (Prunus dulcis) |
| Authors: | Ma, M.M. Oliveira |
| Keywords: | S-alleles, RNases, gametophytic self-incompatibility, PCR, almond, Prunus dulcis |
| Abstract:
Self-incompatibility (SI) is a mechanism whereby pistils reject pollen carrying the same S-allele. SI promotes out-crossing whilst at the same time, causing problems in crop and fruit production. The knowledge of the S-allele composition, together with that of flowering periods of these cultivars, makes it possible to predict their cross-compatibility and the best combinations of cultivars to use in an orchard. In order to develop a molecular strategy for the early identification of S-allele combinations using vegetative tissue and initiate a breeding programme, the cloning and characterisation of S-alleles in almond cultivars is being done in our laboratory. In this work, the four reported S-RNase genes (Sa, Sb, Sc, Sd) of almond were firstly correlated with S5, S1, S7 and S8, respectively. A mutant Sb-RNase gene sequence (S1) and three new S-RNase genes (S3, Sf, and S21) have been cloned and characterised. S-allele specific PCRs and RFLP analyses were performed to identify S-genotypes of almond cultivars mainly from Portugal. Some new S-allele compositions in almond were confirmed by comparing the S-protein data with those of S-gene analysis. | |
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