ISHS Acta Horticulturae 546: International Symposium on Molecular Markers for Characterizing Genotypes and Identifying Cultivars in Horticulture
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND GENETIC STRUCTURE OF OLIVE GERMPLASM COLLECTION IN CONSERVATOIRE BOTANIQUE NATIONAL MÉDITERRANÉEN DE PORQUEROLLES USING NUCLEAR RAPD MARKERS AND RFLP OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA |
| Authors: | B. Khadari, C. Breton, G. Besnard, J.P. Roger, A. Bervillé |
| Keywords: | cultivar identification, Olea europaea L., genetic diversity, molecular markers |
| Abstract:
With more than 500 trees and about one hundred accessions, the olive collection in the “Conservatoire Botanique National Méditerranéen de Porquerolles (CBNMP)” forms the major part of the national French germplasm. We performed a molecular characterization and genetic structure analysis of the olive germplasm collection of CBNMP using nuclear RAPDs and RFLPs of mitochondrial DNA. Using four primers, 32 markers were determined allowing the identification of 114 multilocus profiles. Each of the 78 denominations were identified by one specific multilocus profile. Among the remaining 36 multilocus profiles, we noted several homonyms, synonymies and mislabeling. A dendrogram was constructed according to the Ward algorithm and Euclidean distance based on a FCA coordinate matrix. This dendrogram showed 8 clusters of olive profiles. Oil cultivars were present in all clusters, whereas cultivars used for oil and canned olive were restricted to clusters 1, 2, 3 and 4. This suggested that the selection for genotypes with large olive has been performed in a more restricted genetic pool. RFLP analysis of mitochondrial DNA showed that 85 % out of 114 olive profiles were characterized by the mitotype ME1, which is characteristic of the Eastern Mediterranean. The remaining profiles were characterized by mitotypes MOM and MCK specific of the Western Mediterranean. AMOVA analysis, based on RAPD data, showed no genetic differentiation between groups of genotypes defined according to the four mitotypes. These results showed that French olive germplasm has been derived from different gene pools with a predominance of the Eastern group. The absence of genetic differentiation suggests that some cultivars have originated from hybrids between plants from different origins. | |
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