ISHS Acta Horticulturae 538: Eucarpia symposium on Fruit Breeding and Genetics
ISOZYMES IN MALUS SYLVESTRIS, MALUS DOMESTICA AND IN RELATED MALUS SPECIES |
| Authors: | I. Wagner, N.F. Weeden |
| Keywords: | Malus sieversii, Malus orientalis, Malus pumila, Pyrus pyraster, allozyme diversity, genetic resources, phylogeny |
| Abstract:
The genetic resources of Malus sylvestris native to Central Europe are extremely endangered. Due to hybridization the identification of real wild trees, a precondition for conservation strategies, is very difficult. Isozyme analyses were performed to describe the genetic diversity in M. sylvestris from northern regions in Germany. Additionally isozyme data from M. sieversii, M. orientalis, M. pumila and M. x domestica were analysed. Twenty-six isozyme loci from the enzyme systems TPI, DIA, AAT, 6PGD, GPI, MDH and PGM have been investigated using fresh leaves. The main result was that M. sylvestris germplasm possessed alleles at two loci, Tpi-5 and Dia-4, that have not been observed before in either M. x domestica or any other Malus species. The isozymes DIA-2, AAT-2, PGM-1 and PGM-5 together were used for statistical grouping. The results agreed with the hypothesis M. sieversii played the main role in the origin of the cultivated apple. It was more likely that introgression of M. sylvestris genes into the domestic genepool has not occurred in the last 10,000 years. | |
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