ISHS Acta Horticulturae 528: VII International Symposium on Grapevine Genetics and Breeding
ESTIMATING THE GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG EUROPEAN COLLECTIONS OF GRAPE PHYLLOXERA (DAKTULOSPHAIRA VITIFOLIAE FITCH) WITH AFLP-PCR MARKERS |
| Authors: | A. Forneck, R. Blaich, M.A. Walker |
| Keywords: | Phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, AFLP, genetic diversity |
| Abstract:
Grape phylloxera, an introduced pest that became present in European vineyards about 150 years ago, has since adapted to a wide range of Vitis hosts and environments. Breeding phylloxera resistant rootstocks requires research on the determinants of resistance and virulence of this pest. Studies on pest variation and epidemiology are integral part of characterizing and manipulating phylloxera adaptation to new host plants and their resistance genes. In this study, 44 European phylloxera populations collected from leaf- and root galls of various Vitis hosts and five collections from phylloxera's native range North America were examined to determine the genetic structure of phylloxera in Europe. We used AFLP-PCR (amplified length fragment polymorphism) to study genetic diversity in Europe. Twelve primer combinations generated 482 bands that were analyzed using UPGMA, PCA and AMOVA. Two intra European clusters were identified that loosely correlated with macro geographical distance. A ‘southern’ cluster comprised 15 of the samples tested and included the Italian, French, Spanish, and one Hungarian and four German populations. This cluster exhibited low diversity (0.971 – 0.992). The ‘northern’ cluster consisted of all other European collections (0.927 – 0.996) as well as the New York and Californian (0.825) populations. The two clusters, which were significantly different, were separated by a distance coefficient of 0.718. The native phylloxera populations were greatly separated from the other populations and from each other (0.695 and 0.645, respectively). | |
Download Adobe Acrobat Reader (free software to read PDF files) | |
