ISHS Acta Horticulturae 528: VII International Symposium on Grapevine Genetics and Breeding
RELATIONSHIPS AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF WILD AND CULTIVATED GRAPEVINES (Vitis vinifera L.) IN CENTRAL EUROPE BASED ON MICROSATELLITE MARKERS |
| Authors: | M. Perret, C. Arnold, J.-M. Gobat, P. Küpfer |
| Keywords: | Grapevine, Vitis vinifera, wild population, cultivars, molecular markers |
| Abstract:
Grapevine microsatellite were used to estimate the genetic diversity among 35 genotypes of wild grapevines (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris (Gmelin) Hegi and 9 cultivars coming from Eastern Austria and the Rhine Valley in Germany. The goals of this study were to (i) compare the genetic diversity among relictual wild grapevine populations and cultivars genotypes and (ii) estimate the relationships between Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris and cultivars in the same area. Ten microsatellite loci were analyzed and 49 markers (alleles) were detected. Among these markers 17 (35%) were observed only in cultivated grapevine and 7 (14%) were observed only in V. vinifera subsp. sylvestris. Cluster analyses based on presence/absence of alleles, were able to clearly distinguish the cultivars from the wild genotypes. The presence of alleles specific to wild grapevine supports the originality of Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris (vs. its subspontaneous origin). Because of this genetic differentiation between wild and cultivated grapevine, one can conclude that the sampled cultivars do not directly originate from native wild grapevine, not even local varieties like Riesling, Sylvaner and Grüner Veltliner. These varieties probably originated, during their domestication, from a wider genetic base than from the single indigenous wild grapevine populations. | |
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