ISHS Acta Horticulturae 521: XXV International Horticultural Congress, Part 11: Application of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology and Breeding - Gene Expression and Molecular Breeding, Genome Analysis.
AFLP: USE FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF APPLE CULTIVARS AND MUTANTS |
| Authors: | M. Tignon, R. Kettmann, B. Watillon |
| Keywords: | AFLP, Apple, cultivar identification, fingerprinting, mutant |
| Abstract:
The Amplification Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) technique was developed for the identification of apple cultivars from the Belgian panel. Six primer combinations were used in selective amplifications. For each selective primer combination 12 to 36 polymorphic fragments were identified on the AFLP banding pattern. A set of two AFLP primer combinations allowed the identification of the 28 tested apple cultivars, on the basis of 52 polymorphic markers. To estimate the reliability and usefulness of the AFLP technique, within-individual and within-cultivar variation was assessed for cultivars such as Belle de Boskoop, Golden Delicious and Jonagold thermoclone 2361. For those three cultivars, no within-individual variation was found between DNA samples obtained from three different leaves collected on the same tree. For Belle de Boskoop and Golden Delicious, no within-cultivar variation was found on profiles obtained from samples collected on three distinct apple trees for each cultivar. However, some primer combinations give AFLP profiles showing 1 to 5 polymorphic fragments between three distinct apple trees of Jonagold thermoclone 2361. This result seems to indicate a certain level of genetic instability within this cultivar. Mutant cultivars such as Golden Reinders, Queen Cox or mutant of fruit colour of Jonagold can not be distinguished from their mother-cultivars by the AFLP technique. Although polymorphism was observed in the banding patterns, polymorphic markers were not found in the profiles obtained for multiple individuals of the same cultivar. They can not be used for a secure identification of mutant cultivars. However, the AFLP technique remains a powerful and efficient method for the identification of conventional apple cultivars and rootstocks. | |
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