ISHS Acta Horticulturae 517: XXV International Horticultural Congress, Part 7: Quality of Horticultural Products
GROWTH AND BEARING OF 'JONAGOLD' APPLE TREES ON EIGHT ROOTSTOCKS |
| Author: | E. Jadczuk |
| Keywords: | Apple, fruit quality, rootstock, tree vigour, yield |
| Abstract:
The investigations were performed in the period 1991 – 1997. 'Jonagold' apple trees were budded on eight rootstocks (M. 26 English selection; M. 9 clones 751 and 984 selected in Germany; P 14, P 60, P 2, P 16 and P 22 Polish selection). In general, 'Jonagold' apple trees grown on P 22 showed the lowest vigour and trees on P 14 the highest. Trees on P 16, P 60, P 2 and both subclones of M. 9 were intermediate in size, with no significant differences in that respect. During the whole period of study the size of 'Jonagold' tree trunks on P 22 was about 37% of that on M. 26 (considered as a standard in Poland). A second group was, significantly bigger in size (compared with trees on P 22) by constitued trees on P 16, both clones M. 9, P 2 and P 60. The size of trees trunks on P 16 was about 64%, on M. 9 – 751 ca 67%, on M.9 – 984 ca 74%, on P 2 ca 76% and on P 60 ca 78% of trees on M. 26. Tree trunks on P 14 were ca 33% bigger then that on M. 26. Commercial crop was recorded for the years 1994 – 1997. Yield, expressed in kg per tree, was roughly proportional to the size of trees on different rootstocks, but significant differences in yield were recorded in 1994 only. As the spacing distance in rows was different and related to the expected size of the trees on different rootstocks (2.4 m for P 14, M. 26 and P 2; 1.6 m for P 60 and P 16; 1.2 m for M. 9 and P 22) the respective yields in tons per ha were calculated. The highest yield per area unit was always on both clones of M. 9 and the lowest on P 2. Relatively low yield (per area unit) was on the most vigorous stocks P 14, M. 26 and also on P 16. | |
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