ISHS Acta Horticulturae 495: WCHR - World Conference on Horticultural Research
PART 2 - NEEDS AND EXPECTATIONS FOR HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH |
| Author: | Daniel J. Cantliffe |
| Abstract:
Strategies with regard to needs and expectations for horticultural research differ according to the economic status of the country (level of economic development). Technological needs of individual countries are markedly different, as markets in industrialized countries are different and are highly based on cost and return, whereas those of low-economic economies are more based on survival. Research programs in horticulture, thus, differ accordingly so that in industrialized countries they are generally sophisticated, whereas in low-economic countries they are extremely weak or non-existent. World population may increase and may double in the next two-three decades. These figures are under dispute, but regardless, world population will double. Also, as world population increases, land use and resource use (water) are being more and more diverted towards the populous. Unbanization in any country generally requires the most valuable farm land. This has been seen in areas of the United States such as Florida and California, as well as high horticultural-producing areas in countries such as Japan, Korea, and various areas of Europe. Pest and pest problems in horticultural crops continue to increase because of mono-cropping, rapid resistance of various pests to control measures, globalization of environment, and environmental regulation. Examples of this relate to resistance of the Colorado potato beetle to pesticides, the lack of resistance in control of late blight in potato, the world spread of citrus brown aphid, the increased drones of Citrus Tristeza Virus, and the regulation prohibiting the use of methyl bromide in industrialized countries in the year 2001. Thus, growing horticultural crops has become ever more challenging. | |
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