ISHS Acta Horticulturae 494: II International Symposium on Chestnut
CHARACTERISATION OF SEVEN PRESELECTED CHESTNUT FRUIT TYPES FROM SLOVENE CHESTNUT (CASTANEA SATIVA MILL.) POPULATION |
| Authors: | A. Solar, F. Štampar, A. Podjavoršek, A. Šiftar, I. Kodric |
| Keywords: | chestnut, selection, pomology, indigenous population |
| Abstract:
The selection of chestnut begun in 1990, first in the south western part of Slovenia, where marrons are spread and later in the central and eastern part of the country, where domestic chestnut is grown. First, the trees affected by Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr. and the trees with too small fruits were eliminated. Then samples from healthy and vigorous trees were collected during three growing seasons and analysed according to the UPOV method. Among 102 genotypes seven (SV 1, SV 5, SV 40, JV 54, JZ 29, JZ 30, JZ 37) with good pomological characteristics were preselected. Genotypes SV 1, SV 5, SV 40 and JV 54 were the best domestic chestnuts from the part of the country with continental climate conditions. They had medium size fruits (estimate 5 according UPOV) with 1.5 (SV 40) - 2.1 (SV 1) normally developed fruits per bur. The shape of the fruits were transverse broad ellipsoidic and transverse ellipsoidic, respectivly. All of them were mono-embryonic and inner cavity was always present. The degree of episperm penetration into the embryo was medium. In genotypes SV 1 and SV 40 fruits were brown at harvest time, in genotype SV 5 the fruits were reddish brown and in genotype 54 light brown. The taste was evaluated as less or medium sweet. Genotypes JZ 29, JZ 30 and JZ 37 were the best marrons from the Mediterranean part of Slovenia. They had between 1.5 (JZ 29) and 1.9 (JZ 37) normally developed fruits per bur. Their fruits were large (estimate 7) with 14.5 g (JZ 37), 15.6 g (JZ 30) and 15.9 g (JZ 29) which means 69, 64 and 63 fruits per kg. Genotypes JZ 29 and JZ 30 had transverse broad ellipsoidic fruits, while the shape of the fruits in JZ 37 was globose. All of them were mono-embryonic with an inner cavity. The level of episperm penetration was weak (estimate 3) in all the genotypes. They had brown fruits with dark brown stripes. The taste was sweet. The selection of autochthon chestnuts and marrons is going on. Because of the great potential of the material and the big interest of fruit growers, new areas with good trees are included into our analysises each year. | |
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