ISHS Acta Horticulturae 482: International Symposium on Cut Flowers in the Tropics
MANAGEMENT OF CLAYEY SOILS IN THE ANDEAN HIGHLANDS OF THE BOGOTA PLATEAU |
| Authors: | C.A. Gauggel, A. Ramírez |
| Keywords: | flower production, salinity, sodicity |
| Abstract:
Clayey soils in the Andean highlands of the Bogotá Plateau constitute a large proportion of the area used for flower production. Integral soil management of these soils includes the manipulation of morphological, physical and chemical properties for high yields. Thus, soil tillage at the correct soil moisture content becomes of paramount importance for adequate soil physical conditioning. It is proposed that the selection of tillage equipment is a function of specific morphological and physical constraints of natural occurrence or induced by human interference. Specific tillage guidelines are provided. Among chemical constraints are poor availability of P, K, Mg, Zn and B. In addition, topsoil undergoes drastic transformations when deep tillage and soil mixing are implemented. The addition of organic matter in different forms as soil conditioners is recommended. Salinity and sodicity in soils constitute challenges for flower production. Case studies indicate the importance of the predominant salt type in the soil solution and the degree of sodium activity. Conditions of poor soil internal drainage and surface water evacuation typical of the area make salt and sodium management difficult. Available water for optimum yields has a narrow range in clayey soils of predominantly allophanic mineralogy. Clay types, clay contents, water soluble cations, organic matter management and proper tillage practices play a significant role in soil fertility management. | |
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