ISHS Acta Horticulturae 481: International Symposium on Growing Media and Hydroponics
RECIRCULATING WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR CLOSED-CYCLE PLANT GROWTH SYSTEMS - THE SPF TREATMENT SYSTEM |
| Authors: | R. Evans, B. Vestergard |
| Abstract:
The SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) is a closed-cycle water treatment technique for biological systems that removes unwanted compounds from the nutrient solution, delivers required compounds to the root zone, and controls potentially harmful microorganisms. The benefits of this technique are resource recovery, elimination of discharges into the environment, and protection against root diseases and build up of phytotoxic contaminants. The growing systems suitable for use with SPF technique, and the various processes involved in SPF water treatment are discussed. | |
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