ISHS Acta Horticulturae 472: XVII International Symposium Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops
IN VITRO INOCULATION OF PRUNUS SPECIES WITH PLUM POX POTYVIRUS |
| Authors: | M. Lansac, L. Chalak, B. Cardona, A. Sorbier, M. Bodin-Ferri, F. Dosba, G. Labonne, L. Quiot, J.B. Quiot |
| Keywords: | sharka, shoot grafting, aphid transmission |
| Abstract:
One of the limits of the evaluation of a Prunus species' or cultivar's resistance to plum pox virus (PPV) is the method of inoculation. In most cases, the plant material should be grafted onto susceptible rootstock and the inoculation done by chip budding, either on the cultivar or on the rootstock. At least two vegetative periods are necessary to correctly evaluate the reaction of the tested clones. The replication of PPV isolates in micropropagated indicator plants is an available method. Micropropagation of Prunus species is routinely done but adaptation of the growth medium, particularly for apricot cultivars, is necessary. The replication and maintenance of 8 PPV strains, representing the genetic diversity of the 2 main types of PPV (D and M) in micropropagated Prunus species, are presented. Different methods of inoculation were compared: shoot grafting, dipping, injection, scarification and aphid transmission. The most reliable method appears to be the shoot graft inoculation but the results depend on the size of the graft inoculum and the size of the graft union. Fifteen days to 1 month after inoculation, obtainable results may be considered definitive. Comparison of the efficiency of aphid transmission of different PPV strains showed a higher reactivity of PPV-M as compared to PPV-D. The reactivity of different Prunus material to virus infection is presented. The transmission rate varies from 50% to 100%. The reactivity of the plants is generally higher in vitro than in vivo. A precise comparison between in vivo and in vitro evaluation has to be clearly established before planning to use this method, which appears to be efficient, quick and safe, on a routine basis. | |
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