ISHS Acta Horticulturae 472: XVII International Symposium Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Temperate Fruit Crops
A NEW DISEASE OF PRUNUS MUME (JAPANESE APRICOT) CAUSED BY MULTIPLE INFECTION WITH CUCUMBER MOSAIC CUCUMOVIRUS AND PRUNUS NECROTIC RINGSPOT RELATED ILARVIRUS |
| Authors: | J. Kurihara, K. Tomaru, T. Otsubo, M. Sakakibara, K.T. Natsuaki, S. Tsuda, Y. Arimoto, M. Kirita |
| Keywords: | Bromoviridae, flower abortion, Japan, stone fruits |
| Abstract:
A new, severe disease of Prunus mume Seib. et Zucc. (cv. Nankou) has been found in recent years in the southern part of Wakayama prefecture, a major P. mume production area in Japan. Disease symptoms are high occurrence of abortive flowers, delayed leaf sprouting, leaf mottling, leaf-edge necrosis and premature defoliation. Fruit yields decrease markedly. Two viruses, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Um) and prunus necrotic ringspot related ilarvirus (PNRSV-Um) were isolated from diseased trees. SDS-PAGE indicated that the CMV-Um coat protein has a Mr of 26,000, the same as CMV-O. Migration patterns of RNA genomes in PAGE are similar to that of CMV-O, but it is slightly different for RNA 2 and 3. CMV-Um usually contained satellite RNA. Sequence homologies of nucleotides and putative amino acids of the RNA 3 CP coding region between CMV-Um and other CMV isolates indicate that CMV-Um belongs to subgroup I. Serologically, however, CMV-Um is distinct from CMV subgroup I and II. PNRSV-Um is serologically related to the American isolate of PNRSV but to neither the European isolate nor to prune dwarf ilarvirus. PNRSV-Um has quasi-isometric particles approximately 25 – 28 nm in diameter and coat protein of Mr 23,000. PNRSV-Um is seed transmitted - about 37%. Graft inoculation of diseased buds to P. serrulata (cv. Shirofugen) caused necrotic symptoms on bark and inside wood tissues at the grafted sites. Graft inoculation of diseased P. mume scion onto healthy seedling showed the same symptoms as naturally infected trees in the stock shoots. Similar symptoms were caused by slash inoculation onto young healthy seedling stem with mixed inoculum. The disease is tentatively named “mume leaf-edge necrosis”. | |
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