ISHS Acta Horticulturae 470: II International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds
NAVEL ORANGEWORM CONTROL IN ALMOND WITH BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS |
| Authors: | Joseph H. Connell, Frank G. Zalom, Walter J. Bentley |
| Keywords: | Prunus dulcis (mill.) D.A. Webb, Amyelois transitella (Walker), azinphosmethyl, Guthion®, B.t., Javelin® |
| Abstract:
The navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker), is the most important insect pest of almond in California. Effective management practices for reducing damage caused by this pest are the cultural controls of winter sanitation (mummy nut removal) and early harvest. Additional control can be achieved by chemical insecticide applications at hullsplit. Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) hullsplit sprays were investigated in 1989 and 1990 as a sustainable alternative in the event that chemical control materials became unavailable. Results indicated that when worm damage levels are relatively low, B.t. concentrate applications at hullsplit are as good as any spray alternative. At worm damage levels exceeding five percent, an organophosphate application was somewhat more effective. High temperatures and solar radiation may contribute to reduced effectiveness of B.t. applications at hullsplit. | |
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