ISHS Acta Horticulturae 469: International Symposium on Composting & Use of Composted Material in Horticulture
EFFICIENT BIOCONVERSION OF SOLID AND LIQUID ORGANIC WASTE - COMPOSTING AND ANAEROBIC DIGESTION IN NOVEL SYSTEMS |
| Author: | R. Gajdos |
| Keywords: | organic waste, microbial transformation, combined closed systems, biofertilisers, biogas |
| Abstract:
Several studies indicate that combined aerobic and anaerobic processes, where bioenergy from organic material is converted by microorganisms to biogas and the remaining solids to valuable biofertilizer, of desired quality, are beneficial from both environmental and economic points of view. Biological treatment of solid, liquid and gaseous organic wastes is the only way which leads to sustainability. In a product-oriented use of microbial transformation all biodegradable wastes will become "renewable raw material", which can be treated in facilities using advanced technology. Regulating and speeding up natural biological processes is an ideal solution for processing organic wastes. There is a great challenge to establish closed decentralised systems where solid organic waste will be efficiently treated together with human excreta. The aims are to decrease costs and pollution due to transportation, use of water, use of agrochemicals while decreasing retention time, minimising emissions, but increasing hygiene in the working milieu, quality of products (biogas and biofertilizers), soil productivity, food quality and sustainability of the ecological system. One visionary system named ‘G&G system’ is suggested and partly evaluated regarding impact on the soil productivity, energy and the environment in developed and undeveloped countries. | |
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