ISHS Acta Horticulturae 441: V Temperate Zone Fruit in the Tropics and Subtropics
CLONAL PROPAGATION OF DISEASE-FREE ROOTSTOCKS FOR SOUR AND SWEET CHERRY BY MERISTEM CULTURE |
| Authors: | N. Buzkan, S. Çetiner, Y. Yalçin-Mendi, B. Di Terlizzi |
| Abstract:
Four different rootstocks were cultured, namely Prunus mahaleb L., Gi-Sel Al (P.fruticosa Pall.X P. avium L.), Damil (P. dawyckensis Sealy) and Tabel (Edabriz). Plants were inspected for symptoms from mid-April through mid-May. Leaf samples from Prunus mahaleb and Gi-Sel Al were collected in the middle of May for ELISA and sap transmission tests. Damil and Tabel were not tested because they had already been certified. Meristems from both axillary and terminal buds were cultured in spring (May), summer (July-August) and autumn (September- October). ELISA and sap transmission tests did not give specific reactions for the viruses. P. mahaleb and Gi-Sel Al were classed as healthy rootstocks. Spring was the best time for culturing meristems. 92 % of meristems of P. mahaleb survived, while Gi-Sel Al explants did not proliferate and showed vitrification and callus induction after the second and third subcultures. Explants of Damil did not even proliferate and most were dead 2–3 weeks after the establishment of culture. In summer, survival of meristems of all plants was considerably less whereas bacterial contamination was very high, ranging from 17 %– 84 %. Meristems of all plants showed the lowest survival in autumn. In general, plants were subcultured every 3 or 4 weeks. During the rooting phase, only P. mahaleb plants were successfully rooted in culture media having 0.5–1.0 mg/l IBA. 50 % of the explants showed good rooting capacity in 0.5 mg/l IBA, 75–85 % of them with 1.0 mg/l IBA. Roots were vigorous in both cases. | |
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