ISHS Acta Horticulturae 425: II International Pineapple Symposium
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUMIGANT 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE IN HAWAII PINEAPPLE |
| Authors: | R.C. Schneider, B.S. Sipes, R.E. Green, D.P. Schmitt, C.H. Oda |
| Abstract:
Pre-plant fumigation with 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) is an integral part of the pineapple cropping system in Hawaii for controlling reniform and root knot nematodes in soil. The other widely used fumigant, methyl bromide, is currently being phased out of agricultural use. Concerns about both groundwater and air quality have resulted in restrictions on 1,3-D use in the U.S.A. Innovative 1,3-D application methods to minimize air emissions while maximizing nematicide efficacy were evaluated. Decreasing air emissions was attempted through decreased 1,3-D application rates from 336 to 224 l.ha-1, single (instead of double) chisel injection per bed, use of polyethylene mulch films (0.8 m and 2 m wide, 1 mil thick), soil sealing with overhead sprinkler irrigation, and a new formulation of 1,3-D applied by drip-irrigation. Paired experiments were conducted using small plots and large scale field trials. Single chisel application produced a significant reduction in 1,3-D air emissions with no loss of nematicide efficacy. Wide mulch films have not shown a significant reduction in air emissions. Drip-applied 1,3-D was compared with chisel injected Telone II® to evaluate 1,3-D soil distribution and efficacy of the two formulations and to monitor air emissions. This research has demonstrated that successful nematode control and reduction in 1,3-D air emissions are largely dependent on such factors as soil properties, tillage, soil moisture and temperature conditions. | |
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