ISHS Acta Horticulturae 425: II International Pineapple Symposium
ENDOMYCORRHIZA BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MICROPROPAGATED PINEAPPLE (ANANAS COMOSUS (L.) MERR.) |
| Authors: | J.P. Guillemin, S. Gianinazzi, V. Gianinazzi-Pearson |
| Keywords: | Ananas comosus, endomycorrhizae, micropropagation, biofertilizer, bioregulator, bioprotection |
| Abstract:
Micropropagation produces plants without disease but also suppresses endomycorrhiza formation. Experiments were carried out with the ‘Smooth Cayenne’ variety of pineapple and with five endomycorrhizal fungi under a simulated tropical environment. Endomycorrhization of pineapple vitroplants at outplanting from in vitro conditions positively affected their mineral nutrition (biofertilizer), growth and contents of photosynthetic pigments; the fungus Glomus sp. (LPA21) was the most effective. A negative correlation was observed between shoot stimulation and root development indicating a bioregulatory effect of fungi on plant growth; endomycorrhizal plants thus possess a more efficient underground organ. The endomycorrhizal effect on growth was reduced when plants grew in soil with a high level of P, the growth reduction being linked with a decrease in fungal alkaline phosphatase activity in roots. Estimations of this enzyme activity, which reflects functional mycelium, could give a more meaningful evaluation of the efficiency of the symbiosis than non vital staining of the fungus. Endomycorrhizal fungi in pineapple roots also enhanced tolerance of soil pathogens such as the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi. Endomycorrhizal fungi can therefore act as bioprotection agents. Results showed that endomycorrhizal biotechnology can open interesting perspectives for vitroplant production. | |
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