ISHS Acta Horticulturae 415: VIII International Asparagus Symposium
APPLICATION OF A NEW MICROPROPAGATION SYSTEM INVOLVING INDUCTION OF BUD CLUSTERS AND SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN ASPARAGUS |
| Authors: | H. Kohmura, S. Chokyu, T. Harada |
| Abstract:
An effective micropropagating system involving induction of multiple bud clusters and somatic embryogenesis, previously established in Asparagus officinalis L. cv "Hiroshimagreen" (2n=30), was applied to 14 other genotypes. For each genotype the characteristics of bud clusters and embryogenic responses were investigated. Bud clusters were induced from shoot apices in Murashige & Skoog (MS) liquid medium supplemented with 10 mg/l ancymidol using gyrating drum culture. From all of the tested genotypes, bud clusters were induced and subcultured in the same medium at monthly intervals. During each subculture they rapidly increased to between 9- and 21-- fold of their initial fresh weight without calli formation. In addition, cryopreservation was successful for bud clusters in many of the genotypes. Induction of embryogenic calli (EC) from bud clusters was examined by using MS solid medium supplemented with 10-5 M 2,4-D. For some genotypes this system was very easy to initiate. However, for genotypes with high ability for root formation, EC were very difficult to induce and subculture. Direct formation of globular embryos was frequently observed on bud clusters of all genotypes, and EC were formed from embryos after transfer to MS solid medium supplemented with 10-5 M 2,4-D. These calli were subcultured and stable embryogenic cell lines (without nonembryogenic calli) were obtained in ten genotypes. Somatic embryos were formed on MS medium without growth regulators, from which plants were regenerated. These results demonstrate that multiple bud clusters are useful tissues for preservation of genetic resources, the propagation of elite clones, and the initiation of somatic embryogenesis. | |
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