ISHS Acta Horticulturae 410: II International Cherry Symposium
FIRST RESULTS OF TWO INTERNATIONAL CHERRY ROOTSTOCK TRIALS |
| Authors: | H. Kemp, S.J. Wertheim |
| Keywords: | cherry, rootstock, incompatibility, vigour, Prunus |
| Abstract:
Two international rootstock trials were planted in seven European countries in 1988 and 1989 with 'Stella' as the common scion cultivar. Ten rootstocks were planted in 1988, though not on all sites, and four in 1989. The first trial comprises six common rootstocks: Colt, GM 9, GM 61/1, GM 79, and the Weiroot numbers 10 and 13; the second one, four: F 12/1, Gisela 1, 5, and 10. In the Dutch trials, another three sweet cherry cultivars were included: 'Castor', 'Early Rivers', and 'Merton Glory'. In one or more of the other countries, the sweet cherry cultivars 'Büttner's Rote Knorpelkirsche', 'Compact Stella', 'Merchant', 'Merton Glory', 'Schneiders Späte Knorpelkirsche', and 'Ulster', and the sour cherries 'Kelleriis Nr. 16', 'Rheinische Schattenmorelle', and 'Stevnsbaer 'Viki' were planted. The aim of the trials was to find a dwarfing rootstock compatible with the main cherry cultivars and suitable for various growing conditions. Trees on GM 9, GM 61/1 and GM 79 were found to be less vigorous than Colt. GM 9 proved to be very dwarfing. Symptoms of incompatibility were expressed with GM 61/1 and GM 79. Trees on Weiroot 10 and Weiroot 13 were about as vigorous as those on Colt, and no symptoms of incompatibility were observed. All Gisela rootstocks were significantly less vigorous than F 12/1, with Gisela 1 being the most dwarfing. On Gisela 1 and 10 quite a number of trees died due to incompatibility. Given the condition of the leaves, especially on Gisela 1, more trees will probably die in the near future. Excessive root suckers were found on trees with 'Merton Glory' propagated on Weiroot 13 and 10. Suckering was not a problem with other rootstocks. On average, trees on GM 9 produced the smallest fruits. The average fruit size on GM 61/1, GM 79, Weiroot 10 and 13 did not differ significantly from that on Colt. Trees on Weiroot 10, and especially on Weiroot 13, produced substantially more kilograms than those on Colt and on the GM rootstocks. Although the 1989 trial is still too young for final conclusions, Gisela 5 seems to be the most promising dwarfing rootstock with respect to growth reduction, leaf condition, and yield at our station. The results of the other countries more or less confirm those obtained in Wilhelminadorp. | |
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