ISHS Acta Horticulturae 403: International Symposium on Cultivar Improvement of Horticultural Crops. Part 2: Fruit Crops
ESTIMATE OF VARIANCE COMPONENTS AND HERITABILITY OF CHARACTERS IN KIWIFRUIT (ACTINIDIA DELICIOSA) |
| Authors: | R. Testolin, G. Cipriani, G. Costa |
| Keywords: | Mating design, North Carolina Model 2, N.C.M. 2, quantitative genetics, population genetics, genetic components of variance, kiwifruit breeding, fruit crop |
| Abstract:
Four female and three male (two strictly male and one inconstant male) lines were crossed according to a North Carolina Model II mating design. Three-hundred plants per cross were grown together with parents in a randomized block design. Vines took a long time to overcome the juvenile period. Quite a high number of seedlings were still unproductive, after six growing seasons. Great differences were found depending on parents, flowered plants ranging from 30.6 to 87.5 % according to the cross. Male vines were more precocious in overcoming the juvenility, but the male to female ratio approached 1:1 as the proportion of flowered vines increased. The following traits were recorded: date of bud burst, date of blooming, no. of flowers/dichasium. The following additional fruit characters were recorded on female vines: fruit length, major and minor cross diameter, fruit weight, and soluble solid content at a given date as an estimation of fruit maturity time. The range of variability was high for almost all the recorded traits, whereas their heritabilities were low to medium. This suggests that family selection in its broader sense might be more suitable and less risky than mass selection in kiwifruit breeding. | |
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