ISHS Acta Horticulturae 403: International Symposium on Cultivar Improvement of Horticultural Crops. Part 2: Fruit Crops
A SUPERIOR SEEDLESS MUTANT CLONE OF 'JING' ORANGE 'XIFENG NO. 1' |
| Authors: | J. Jianguo, L. Daogao, F. Deming | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abstract:
'Xifeng No. 1' is a seedless mutant selected in 1982 from a grove of 'Jing' Orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) in Fengfu county, Sichuan province, The botanic characteristics and growing habits are identical with 'Jing' Orange. The fruit of 'Xifeng No. 1' orange ripens in early December in Sichuan. The quality of fruit is excellent. The fruit is large, weighing 175 g. oblong, deep colour. The rind is smooth and thin, 0.35 cm. The flesh is fine, very juicy, with fragrant flavour. Sugar and acidity content os 8.55 g and 1.08 g per 100 ml juice, respectively, The total soluble solids is 12.2 Brix. The mutant tree has normal flowers.
The rate of germination of pollen grain is 28.5% in vitro, same as 'Jing' Orange, therefore, the seedlessness of 'Xifeng No.1' is not triggered by germ sterility.
Unopened flowers were selected to study the genetic bearing spurs before flowing to investigate the self compatibility.
Controlled pollination with pollen of mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) was designed to study the cross bearing ability.
Results were as follows.
The fruit arose from self and cross pollination were totally seedless, but contained very small (1.5–1.8 mm) crinkly ovules. The seedlessness may be attributed to early embryo abortion, 'Xifeng No. 1' grafted on trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliate (L.) Raf.) is moderately vigorous and crops heavy. There exists no obvious alternative bearing. 'Jing' orange is a famous cultivar of sweet oranges in southwestern citrus area in China, the fruit has more than 6 seeds, Many seedless mutants selected from 'Jing' orange are not commercially attractive for their small fruit, low yield and instability of seedlessness, because the seedlessness are mainly aroused by male-sterility or self incompatibility. 'Xifeng No.1' has been planted more than 30 hectares. The characteristics are stable and uniform. This clone has broad prospect because its excellent quality, high yield and total seedlessness. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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