STUDIES ON CYTOLOGY FEATURES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTHERS AND POLLENS OF ALLOCYTOPLASM MALE STERILE LINE OF CHINESE CABBAGE (BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS SSP. PEKINENSIS)

The main results are summarized as follows.

Anthr development of CMS_3411–7 is mainly abnormality at the stage of archesporial cell. There is no differentitation of archesporial cells and micropporangens in the procedure of anthers development, but the development of vascular bundle of anthers is no difference between CMS_3411–7 and 3411–7.

On the other hand, at the end of flowering period, when environmental conditions (especially temperature) changed suddenly, about 1–5% anther will produce abnormal chambers, of which number is 1 to 4, in these anthers a few pollens can be produced occasionaly, observations of the pollens and normal pollens produced by maintainer by using scanning and transmission electron microscopes showed that either appearance or inner ultramicroscope construction is obviously diferent, the pollens produced by CMS_3411–7 are non viability. So this allocytoplasm male sterile line (CMS_3411–7) is very useful in hybrid F₁ seeds production of Chinese cabbage and Brassica as well.

Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. pakinensis) is an important sort of vegetables origin in China has very obvious hybridity, for a long time, F₁ seed production is by using incompatibility lines, the method has many shortages, for example, maintaining parents has ti di hand pollination in the bud stage, so it is an main problem using cytoplasm male sterile lines (CNS) to simplify the procedures and to lower the cost of F1 seed production that internal and external scientists have been trying to slove.

Shaanxi Institute of vegetable Crops has breeded an allocytoplasmic male sterile lin-CMS3411–7 derived from a male sterile line of rape (Brassica napus L.) and transferred ms to Chinese Cabbage self-incompatible line (Brassica campestris ssp. pakinensis). CMS_3411–7 has many good traits necessary in allocytoplasmic male sterile lines obtained previously, such as leaf yollowing, nectar gland retrogression and so on. It has been used in F1 seed production now, this achievement fills in the gaps in the fields of cytoplasmic male sterile line can be used in F₁ seed production of vegetable crops in Brassica in the world.

In order to probe the cytological mechanizem of allocytoplasmic male sterility in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. pakinansis) to extend the usage in the practice and deepen the study in the theory of CMS_3411–7, the features of cytological morphology and histochemistry in the developments of anthers and pollens of CMS_3411–7 have been studied in comparison with its maintainer 3411–7 in detail, the results will be helpful to guide and extend the usage and transferring works in practive and to provide the important regerences to heredity and breeding of cytoplasm male sterile in Brassica.

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